The Philippines cancelled flights and put hospitals on alert on Sunday, as its southern and central islands were covered by thickening haze from Indonesian forest fires.
Smog from Indonesian slash-and-burn farming has choked vast expanses of Southeast Asia for weeks, killing at least 10 people, forcing events to be shut down and schools to close across the region.
International efforts to douse the blazes have done little to clear the air, and Filipino authorities warned ash levels were becoming increasingly dangerous in the southern islands.
"The department of health is advising those who have breathing problems or respiratory diseases to wear face masks in areas covered by haze," presidential spokesman Herminio Coloma told reporters.
Hospitals in the south were ready to receive anyone affected by the haze, he added.
Six flights to central and southern islands were cancelled or delayed last weekend due to the thickening smog, after thousands were left stranded over the past 10 days.
Pilots flying in the central city of Cebu could only see eight kilometers (five miles) ahead, said government weather observer John Agbay, adding that visibility was also impaired in Palawan.
Indonesian forest fires are an annual occurence, but dry weather has made them particularly bad this year and Malaysia, Singapore, Australia and Japan have all sent help to fight the blazes.
While the haze in the Philippines has been mild compared to other parts of Southeast Asia, the smoke has been largely unexpected as the islands affected lie thousands of kilometers away from the fires.
Singapore, one of the worst hit, has urged fellow ASEAN members to take "firm and decisive action" against ahead of a group summit in Malaysia next month.
The city-state issued the call after Singaporean troops and firefighters returned from an international assistance mission in Indonesia's Sumatra island.
Experts say Typhoon Lando (international name Koppu), which passed over the northern tip of the Philippines last week, may have contributed to the problem in the archipelago by dragging the smoke across from Indonesia. – Rappler.com
In Thailand, face masks were distributed in haze-hit southern Thailand
Hospitals in the south were told to stay vigilant in order to prepare for the rise of air pollution-related sickness.
Haze from forest fires in Indonesia's Sumatra and Kalimantan reached the capital of Jakarta.
Central Java, Yogyakarta, parts of East Java, East Nusa Tenggara, North Sulawesi and northern part of Papua island remained unaffected by the haze.
Nugroho said thick smoke continues to shroud many parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan and there is low visibility of less than 1 kilometre in a number of cities on both islands.
The haze has killed at least 10 in Indonesia and caused respiratory illnesses in half a million, Jakarta authorities said on Sunday, while winds have carried the smoke into Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines this year.